Tag: Investment bank

  • Edu-tech Unicorn PhysicsWallah Chooses 4 Investment Banks for $400-$500 Million IPO in 2025

    According to a media report, PhysicsWallah, the leading ed-tech unicorn, has picked four investment banks as advisors as it prepares for its 2025 IPO plans, following a capital round last month that valued it at $2.8 billion. PhysicsWallah has selected Axis Capital, Kotak Mahindra Capital, Goldman Sachs, and JP Morgan in response to the recent IPO proposals, the report added. It was unclear if additional banks would be added later on if necessary.

    The proposed issue may aim to raise between $400 million and $500 million, while the exact amount has not yet been decided and the transaction size may change later. Additionally, based on the various investors’ lock-in periods and investment plans, the sale is probably going to be a combination of primary and secondary issues of shares, permitting growth funding and exit windows if necessary.

    The Valuation Speculations

    According to various reports, PhysicsWallah would aim for a substantial premium above the last round’s valuation of $2.8 billion. Industry rumours suggest a $4–5 billion target valuation; however, this has not been independently confirmed. Westbridge Capital, GSV Ventures, Lightspeed Venture Partners, and Hornbill Capital are among the investors in the company.

    Physicswallah Could Become India’s First Ed Tech Firm to Debut on the Domestic Bourses

    Given the uncertainties surrounding the previous listing aspirations of struggling peer Byju’s unit, Akash Education Services, PhysicsWallah may become India’s first educational technology company to make its debut on the domestic markets if these intentions eventually materialise into a listing. Indeed, competitors Vedantu and UpGrad have previously discussed their IPO intentions. Other companies in the market include Unacademy, Unext Learning, Allen Career Institute, K12 Techno, Brightchamps, and Simplilearn.

    PhysicsWallah raised $210 million through main and secondary purchases on September 20. Along with current investors WestBridge Capital and GSV Ventures, Lightspeed Venture Partners participated in the capital raise, which was spearheaded by Hornbill Capital. Investor trust in the industry’s potential was demonstrated by the $2.8 billion valuation that PhysicsWallah was able to get, which was 2.5 times greater than the $1.1 billion it had previously received after its previous funding, despite difficulties in the Indian edtech sector. In its first fundraising round, the company raised $102 million from WestBridge and GSV Ventures.

    Exploring the world of finance

    In 2014, the Noida-based business began as a YouTube channel. It has more than 112 YouTube channels in five Indian languages, with almost 46 million subscribers. The company employs over 14,000 people, has 5.5 million paid students, and uses technology-enabled offline and hybrid centres to operate in 105 Indian cities.

     The company’s highest absolute EBITDA year is anticipated to be FY25. The firm’s offline centres, which have required a large financial investment, will also begin to produce results over time, even though its online activities have been almost 50% profitable since day one. Its revenue increased 2.5 times in FY24. For FY24, the company had anticipated INR 2,400 crore in revenue.


    Physics Wallah Secures $210 Mn Funding at a Valuation of $2.8 Bn
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  • Mutual Fund Industry in India – Market Size, Major Players, Current Condition

    Nowadays, people are working for future prosperity, where something you have earned in the present will reflect as a beget in the future; that too something huge in return.

    Have you heard of Mutual funds, where a pool of money is collected from many investors to be funded in securities, bonds and other money market instruments? A Mutual fund plays as an investment as well as a company. Mutual funds works, where you as an investor buy a unit of share of a part of the mutual fund say as, portfolio’s value. Therefore, technically, the investor buys partial ownership of the company and its assets.

    If the funded amount showed positive returns which highly depends on the securities the investors decided to buy, then the investors receive profit, while in the case of deprivation in the return; vice-versa. The investor of mutual funds earns their returns in three different ways such as- dividends, Capital gain and a hike on the mutual fund’s scheme.

    Classification of Mutual Funds Industry in India
    Market Size of Mutual Fund Industry in India
    Recent changes by SEBI in the Mutual Fund Industry in India
    Major Players in the Mutual Fund Industry in India
    Current Condition of the Mutual Fund Industry in India
    FAQ

    Classification of Mutual Funds Industry in India

    Equity Funds:

    Most prevalent mutual fund schemes in India where investors participate in stock markets in the long run because the return in those markets is comparable high to others.

    Sector-specific fund

    These mutual funds have high risk in terms of high potential return, where the investors fund their money in specific sector segments such as mining, banking, infrastructure etc.

    Index funds

    Index mutual funds are a medium risk factor, to those who don’t want any fund manager to manage their returns.

    Tax saving funds

    These funds are a tax deduction, where these investments have a 3 year lock-in period that plays as tax benefits to the investors.

    Debt Funds

    These ilk of mutual funds are credit risk, which has a low-risk appetite as well as low outcome. Debt funds are suitable for those investors who are coveting steady income from the fixed investment such as Government bonds or debentures.

    Money Market Funds

    Investors who are seeking reasonable returns in the investment over a short period of time can enroll into money market funds. Moreover, it has a low-risk factor where the return comes in liquid form so it will be a reasonable return on investments.

    Hybrid Funds

    It is similar to Balanced funds, despite the proportion of equity assets being juxtaposed to balanced funds. This kind of mutual fund is highly recommended to retired or geriatric who expect low risks.

    Balanced Funds

    Balanced mutual funds divide the investment between equity and debt mutual funds, where moderate returns with comparatively low risk vary according to the market risks.

    Open-ended funds:

    Here, the investor can enter, redeem or exit at any point in time because an open-ended mutual fund doesn’t have any fixed maturity period

    Close-ended funds

    Close-ended funds have a fixed maturity date, so the investors can only enter into the market during the initial period of any mutual funds scheme known as the new fund offer; Furthermore, their investment can be redeemed only when the maturity period expires.

    Gilt funds

    These mutual funds invest only in Government securities, which has no credit risk associated with their investment but has a high interest risk rate.


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    Market Size of Mutual Fund Industry in India

    Mutual fund value as a part of individual wealth in financial assets
    Mutual fund value as a part of individual wealth in financial assets

    The mutual fund industry in India was established back in the year 1963 at the launch of Unit Trust of India by the Government of India. The first very step to the millennials happened in 1964, where UTI introduced the first mutual fund scheme in India and public sector enterprises likewise SBI, Punjab National Bank, Indian Bank, and Bank of Baroda entered the scheme, which was worth 6,700 Crores at the end of 1988.

    After a great heyday in India regarding mutual funds, the industry colluded to open a portal for the private sector and by 1993 onwards India has burgeoned in the Mutual fund Industry.

    According to the statistics, it is reported that the Indian mutual fund industry had assets under management of 31.43 trillion as of March 2021 which resulted in a jump of 41% in fiscal 2021.

    Recent changes by SEBI in the Mutual Fund Industry in India

    In June 2021, some amendments were made to SEBI regulation 1996, where they should comply with those new rules of the mutual funds’ stated by 1st September 2021. The mutual fund is required to share details of risk, performance, outcomes, portfolio to investors only for the scheme they have invested in.

    Major Players in the Mutual Fund Industry in India

    The money invested in the mutual funds is managed and the schemes are operated as per the regulations of mutual funds by entities registered under the companies act for this specific purpose and they are known as Asset Management Companies. The major AMC offering services in India 2021 are:

    • SBI Mutual Fund
    • HDFC Mutual Fund
    • ICICI Prudential Mutual Fund
    • Reliance Mutual Fund
    • Aditya Birla Sun Life Mutual Fund

    The Intriguing Psychology Behind the Business Model of Banks
    Do you ever wonder how do banks make money?. In this article, we have discussed the complete business model of banks and how they make money.


    Current Condition of the Mutual Fund Industry in India

    The Mutual Fund Industry’s Assets Under Management (AUM) saw a rise of 41 per cent in FY 2021. As of 30th June 2021, the AUM was valued at INR 33.67 trillion. In fiscal 2021, the biggest attraction was the corporate bond funds with net inflows of INR 3,299 crore. The highest net outflows of INR 28.923 crore were seen in credit risk funds.

    Conclusion

    Indian People are big fans of Cricket and the players too. And these cricketers are big fans of Mutual Funds or it seems as they say “mutual funds SAHI HAI!”. The mutual fund industry is rapidly growing and the SAHI HAI campaign that was launched in 2017 has contributed a lot to this growth as people are aware of mutual funds and results in investor education.

    The first quarter of FY 21-22 added 12 lakh investors to the fast-growing mutual fund industry in India. As more people learn about the benefits and security provided by mutual funds, the industry is expected to see favorable growth in the coming years.

    FAQ

    What is the mutual fund industry?

    Mutual Fund Industry are the companies that pool money from various investors and invests the money in securities like stocks, bonds and short term debt. A portfolio is the combined holdings of the mutual fund of the company.

    What is the total revenue of the Mutual Fund Industry in India?

    As of 30 June 2021, the AUM (Assets Under Management) of the Indian mutual fund industry is around INR 33.67 trillion. The AUM of the Indian Mutual fund Industry as of 30 June 2016 was INR 13.81 trillion. The industry has seen a two-fold increase in the span of 5 years.

    Who is governing and regulating the mutual fund industry in India?

    Mutual funds are primarily regulated by the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI). The approval of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) on a mutual fund is required to provide a guaranteed returns scheme. The Ministry of Finance of India acts as the supervisor of the RBI and SEBI. The mutual funds are regulated by SEBI, RBI, the Companies Act, Indian Trust Act, Stock exchange and the ministry of finance.  

  • The Intriguing Psychology Behind the Business Model of Banks

    Nowadays we all have a bank account. This might sound a bit awkward but there are people out there who don’t have one. Try to remember how long did it took to open a bank account? Probably a couple of hours or weeks in some cases.

    Do we know what happens with our money? Nobody knows. Because once you deposit, it’s not yours anymore it becomes the bank’s money. Banks just aggregates all that capital and invests or loans it out. Your account balance is just a number in the bank’s ledger. Whenever you make a transaction, banks instruct the ledger to move to the second person.

    Before I go into detail, let us first look at the brief history of the banking system:

    The dawn of the banking system
    Business model of Banks
    How do Banks earn Revenue?
    How do Banks generate revenue now?
    Current scenario of Banks
    FAQ

    The dawn of the banking system

    Banking may appear complex now, yet it was created to make life easier. Italy was the epicenter of European trade in the 11th century. Merchants from across the continent intended to trade their goods, but there was one concern: there were too many currencies in circulation.

    Merchants in Pisa had to cope with seven distinct types of coins and often exchange their money. The word bank comes from the Italian word “banco,” which means “bench.” This exchange transaction often was conducted outside on benches.

    People were concerned about the perils of going with counterfeit money and the difficulty of getting alone. It was time for a change: home brokers began extending loans to entrepreneurs, and Genovese shoes pioneered cashless transactions. Bank networks were strewn across Europe, extending credit to the church and European rulers.

    Business model of Banks

    When it comes to building a value proposition, banks face a unique challenge since they must encourage clients to trust them with their money while also making them feel like they are getting the best value for their money. Once consumers have invested with a bank, the bank must endeavor to retain them and persuade them to purchase more products.

    Their business model is customer-centric meaning being consistently striven for and develop an excellent reputation for transparency, trust, integrity, and being responsive to customer needs. They offer financial products and advice that is aligned with your financial goals. Their emphasis on corporate governance and CSR initiatives is something to look forward to as their entire business model is based on the services they offer.


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    How do Banks earn Revenue?

    Interest from loans:

    Let’s imagine ten people each put $100 million into a bank. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has now imposed two restrictions, namely, SLR and CRR. In essence, the CRR (cash reserve ratio) is a modest percentage (4%) of the entire deposit under RBI’s jurisdiction. The statutory liquidity ratio (SLR) is the proportion (19.5%) of the amount deposited that you keep or invest in liquid assets such as cash, gold, or government securities, among other things.

    The RBI imposes certain restrictions to protect your funds. The remaining 76.5 percent of the entire sum is offered to you as loans. In summary, banks make loans at a rate of 12 percent interest from the 76.5 percent, and those who deposit $100 million will receive a 4 percent return, leaving the bank with an 8 percent profit. This circulation of money is also known as a fractional reserve requirement.

    Interchange fees:

    When you pay for things, let’s take an example of a supermarket like D-mart with a debit or credit card, D-mart receives the money first. A tiny percentage of the proceeds is subsequently distributed to merchant banks, from which D-mart purchased their card swipe machine. The merchant banks keep a portion of the money and then transfer the balance to your account. These are known as interchange fees.

    Service fees:

    It is the fees imposed by banks for services such as locker (for holding gold), NEFT/RTGS, debit/credit card, internet banking, and Demat account.

    Charging fees:

    Low bank balances, lost debit/credit cards reissued, cheque bounces, overdrafts, and transaction fees (if you withdraw 4 or 5 times a month from an ATM) all result in banks charging fees.

    Insurance & Mutual funds:

    Typically, banks sell insurance plans on behalf of firms, such as life insurance, health insurance, and automobile insurance, for a commission. They also distribute mutual funds and are compensated by fund houses.

    Trading in the financial market:

    Most banks, particularly investment banks, are listed on the stock exchange, which provides them with an additional source of revenue. They also profit from foreign currency exchange, which means they buy a currency when the rate falls and sell it when the rate rises. They invest in the bond and commodity markets and profit from them as well.

    Investment advice:

    Investment banks charge high fees for the advice they give to corporations or public institutions when it comes to issuing bonds or shares.

    How do Banks generate revenue now?

    Banks are involved in risk management. People deposit their money in banks and get a nominal interest. This money is taken by the bank and lent out at substantially higher interest rates. It is a calculated risk as some people might default on repayment. This process is critical to our economy because it offers resources for people to purchase items like houses and for businesses to expand and grow. As a result, banks take money that savers aren’t using and turn it into money that society can use.

    The main issue with banks today is that many of them have abandoned their original position as long-term financial product suppliers in favor of short-term rewards that come with far larger risks.

    During the financial boom, most big banks created complex financial structures and conducted their trading to make quick money and reward their executives and traders millions in bonuses.


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    Current scenario of Banks

    Other forms of funding are rapidly gaining traction today. They are:

    New investment banks

    New investment banks charge a yearly fee and do not receive commissions on sales, giving them an incentive to operate in their clients’ best interests.

    Credit union systems

    To avoid credit sharks, credit unions were founded in the nineteenth century as cooperative efforts. In short, they prioritize shared value over profitability. The mission is to assist members in establishing small enterprises, expanding farms, and building family homes while also investing in the community. Their members are in charge, and the board of directors is democratically elected.

    Worldwide Credit unions range in size from a few hundred members to multibillion-dollar corporations with tens of thousands of members. Credit unions’ emphasis on member benefits influences the level of risk they are willing to take, which explains why, despite their difficulties, credit unions fared better than traditional banks during the recent financial crisis.

    Crowdfunding

    Not to mention the recent boom of crowdfunding. Aside from making fantastic video games feasible, platforms evolved that allow people to obtain loans from large groups of smaller investors without having to go into a bank. But it also works in the business world.

    On Kickstarter or Indiegogo, a lot of innovative technology startups emerged. The funding individual gains the joy of being a part of something bigger, and they may invest tonight as they believe in while spreading the risk so evenly that the damage is minimal if the project fails.

    Microcredits

    Last but not least, there are microcredits. In developing countries, many extremely small loans that help people transcend poverty were met with skepticism. People who previously couldn’t receive the funds they needed to establish a business because they weren’t thought to be worth the time. Microcredit lending has grown into a multibillion-dollar industry.

    Final Thoughts

    While banking may not be your cup of tea, the role of banks in providing funds to individuals and businesses is critical to our society and must be carried out.

    That’s all for today, folks.

    FAQ

    What is the main business model of a commercial bank?

    Commercial banks make money by providing and earning interest from loans such as auto loans, business loans, and personal loans.

    How do banks make their money?

    Banks make money from service charges and they also earn money from interest they earn by lending out money to other clients.

    What is the largest source of revenue for banks?

    One of the largest sources of revenue for banks is interest received from customers who take loans.

  • EnrichVideo (Amigobulls) – Helping Businesses Drive Growth

    Company Profile is an initiative by StartupTalky to publish verified information on different startups and organizations. The content in this post has been approved by EnrichVideo (Amigobulls).

    Organizations can utilize big data analytics to leverage their data and find new opportunities. As a result, smarter business decisions, more effective operations, higher profits, and happier consumers are the result. Big Data is used by businesses to improve their marketing efforts and techniques.

    Amigobulls uses big data tools to expedite the fundamental research of hundreds of equities. The company uses an in-house built video platform to give the viewer an easy-to-understand analysis in the form of videography. This video platform was named EnrichVideo and later, Amigobulls slowly shifted its brand towards it.

    As of 2018, Amigobulls has been rebranded to EnrichVideo.

    EnrichVideo – Company Highlights

    Startup Name EnrichVideo
    Headquarters California, U.S.
    Industry Investment Banking, Fintech
    Founders Poorna Nayak, Mandeep Makkar and Chandu Sohoni
    Founded Amigobulls – 2013-2018, EnrichVideo 2018-present
    Areas Served Worldwide
    Formerly Known as Amigobulls
    Website www.enrichvideo.com

    EnrichVideo – Latest News
    About EnrichVideo and How it Works?
    EnrichVideo – Name, Logo and Tagline
    EnrichVideo – Founders and History
    EnrichVideo – Mission and Vision
    EnrichVideo – Business Model
    EnrichVideo – Revenue and Growth
    EnrichVideo – Funding and Investors
    EnrichVideo – Competitors
    EnrichVideo – Future Plans
    EnrichVideo – FAQs

    EnrichVideo – Latest News

    As of July 2019, Amigobulls’ EnrichVideo Platform has received the ISO 27001:2013 certification which is the international standard outlining the best practices for information security management systems.

    About EnrichVideo and How it Works?

    Amigobulls used to employ big data analytics to provide individual investors with in-depth insights into a company’s financial and stock price performance, allowing them to make more informed investment decisions. On amigobulls.com which now redirects you to EnrichVideo.com, investors may get technological stock analyses, as well as thorough articles, videos, and discussion boards. This is very beneficial for bloggers.

    The founders, who are specialists in technology and finance, bring together successful start-up expertise from a variety of industries, including technology, media, and telecom. It says that each stock is evaluated using a rigorous list of 56 check points, followed by a review by their finance and technology specialists.

    Experts at the firm use the most up-to-date big-data techniques to give you the most up-to-date information and analysis on the technology sector. It thinks that any investor interested in technology stocks should have access to high-quality, impartial news and analysis videos.

    Amigobulls Inc, a personalized video platform provider, has built EnrichVideo Platform for Hexagon Wealth, a renowned wealth management firm in Bangalore. Hexagon Wealth is the first wealth management firm in India to provide personalized movies as portfolio statements to all of its clients.


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    EnrichVideo – Name, Logo and Tagline

    EnrichVideo ‘s company description says, “We Help Businesses Drive Growth Through Personalized Videos!”

    Amigobulls' Company Logo
    Enrichvideo Company Logo

    EnrichVideo – Founders and History

    Poorna Nayak together with CEO Chandu Sohoni and Mandeep Makkar, co-founded Amigobulls which is now known as EnrichVideo. Mandeep Makkar has since left their post after the rebranding.

    Amigobulls was founded in mid-2013 by investment and technology specialists with a clear goal of serving US retail stock market participants. The company is developing a YouTube-style platform where analysts and amateurs may post their own stock research videos.

    Amigobulls’ three founders worked previously with each other at NewsHunt (now remaned DailyHunt), India’s leading mobile news application, and have decades of expertise in a variety of startups and multinational corporations.

    Chandu is a successful entrepreneur who has founded profitable telecom, media, and mobile technology companies. He is a technician with a passion for the stock market, with years of expertise and skills in building profitable businesses. Chandu is a seasoned investor who keeps a close eye on the financial markets in the United States and actively invests in them. He was the creator and Chief executive Officer of NewsHunt (now DailyHunt), a mobile news media startup, prior to founding Amigobulls.

    Poorna is in charge of marketing and customer service. She was an early part of the NewsHunt team, India’s leading mobile news app with millions of active users, prior to joining Amigobulls. Poorna offers unique expertise in product design and digital marketing to help build a successful digital client engagement platform, has been a major member of the NewsHunt team.

    “It is a unique combination of high quality financial analysis provided using big data and video technologies. Our current focus is on analyzing US technology stocks but the patent pending technology allows us to expand beyond tech-stocks and also beyond North American markets. New age investors have no time to read long analysis reports and have a clear preference for multimedia content. Amigobulls provides media rich stock analysis with actionable insights. After initial struggles in understanding US consumer behavior the team came up with many innovative ideas including the presentation of financial analysis in short video format. We also enabled financial analysts to create video blogs using our charts and videos. After these initiatives were launched in early 2015, user traction has significantly increased with the monthly active unique user base about to reach 100,000,” said CEO & Founder of EnrichVideo, Chandu Sohoni.

    EnrichVideo – Mission and Vision

    EnrichVideo’s mission statement says, “We help banks and wealth management firms connect with their clients one on one with personalized and interactive video experiences.”

    EnrichVideo – Business Model

    Through a patent-pending video generating system, EnrichVideo provides financial advice and news to stock market investors in the United States. The company has applied for a patent for a technology that allows anybody to produce and submit movies regarding stocks. For bloggers, this is very useful.

    The Amigobulls Business Model changed to make it feel more personal. Using typical digital techniques such as a client site, smartphone app, or chatbot renders the experience impersonal and lifeless. That is why EnrichVideo was created: to restore the human touch to your digital client communication.

    Wealth managers may communicate with their clients on a regular basis and collect feedback from them using EnrichVideo without being intrusive or overbearing. It assists people in identifying dissatisfied customers long before they start transferring their assets to competitors. The firm also assists people in upselling to their satisfied customers.


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    EnrichVideo – Revenue and Growth

    The EnrichVideo annual revenue is $5 Million in quarter 2 of 2021. It used to be $7 Million in FY21.

    EnrichVideo – Funding and Investors

    EnrichVideo has not raised any funding till date but Amigobulls funding is as follows:

    Date Round Amount Lead Investors
    Sep 22, 2015 Seed Round

    Investor Name Lead Investor Funding Round Partners
    Vijay Anand Seed Round
    Sharad Sharma No Seed Round
    Lets Venture Seed Round

    EnrichVideo – Competitors

    Heckyl, Cogencis, Lets Talk Payments, Golden Hills Capital, Biorx Venture Advisors, Tickerplant, RavenPack International S.L., and Vermillion Engineered are among EnrichVideo’s key competitors.


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    EnrichVideo – Future Plans

    Wealth management businesses, banks, and brokerages use Amigobulls’ EnrichVideo Platform to provide tailored, interactive video summaries as part of their portfolio statements. EnrichVideo’s clientele includes some of the world’s top asset management organizations, such as IIFL Wealth Management.

    “At Amigobulls, we believe that good design can simplify finance and enhance client engagement. We now offer our customers video statements that look real and beautiful. Our natural looking videos are overlaid with meaningful text and charts to create video statements that wow HNI clients,” said Amigobulls CEO Chandu Sohoni.

    Data security and business continuity were two of the ISO certification’s main focus areas. Amigobulls underwent extensive testing and a comprehensive technical and procedural examination by a third-party auditor to ensure conformity with the ISO standard. Customers of Amigobulls may rest assured that their data is always safeguarded in accordance with these standards thanks to this accreditation. And all of these safety precautions have been transferred so EnrichVideo as well.

    “Security has always been a top priority for Amigobulls as we deal with financial data and information. Leveraging the ISO framework for continuous review and implementation of our Information Security management controls, provides our customers the assurance and the confidence in our ability to handle sensitive information,” Chandu further added.

    EnrichVideo – FAQs

    Where are Amigobulls’ headquarters?

    Amigobulls’ headquarters are in 3260 Hillview Ave, Stanford Research Park, Palo Alto, California, 94304, United States.

    What is Amigobulls’ industry?

    Amigobulls is in the industry of: Investment Banking and Fintech.

    Who are Amigobulls’ main competitors?

    Heckyl, Cogencis, Lets Talk Payments, Golden Hills Capital, Biorx Venture Advisors, Tickerplant, RavenPack International S.L., and Vermillion Engineered are among Amigobulls’ key competitors.

    What is Amigobulls’ Revenue?

    Amigobulls’ revenue is $5 Million.

    Is Amigobulls and EnrichVideo the same?

    Yes, Amigobulls was rebranded to Enrichvideo in 2018.

  • Reasons Why Nomura saw a loss of $2.3 Billion

    Nomura Holdings which is a Japanese brokerage house has recorded a steep loss for the first quarter of 2021. Nomura had also booked a loss in the previous financial year amidst the Covid pandemic. Let’s look at the reason given by Nomura holdings regarding the loss and the further steps taken by the company.

    About Nomura Holdings
    Reason and Amount of loss
    Past of Archegos Capital Management
    Strategy of Nomura Holdings
    Further Steps
    Risk Management
    FAQ

    About Nomura Holdings

    Nomura Holdings is a Japanese-based financial holding company that is one of the most important members of Nomura Group. The company was established in the year 1925 and has its headquarters located in Tokyo, Japan.

    The company is part of the financial services, consulting and financial management industry. They provide their services to individuals, institutions and government customers on a global basis.

    Some of the services provided by Nomura Holdings are Financial Services, Security Services, Retail Banking, Investment Management, Asset Banking and Asset Management.

    Reason and Amount of loss

    On 27 April 2021, Nomura Holdings has said that its losses from the collapse of a U.S investor Archegos Capital Management would amount up to USD 2.87 billion. This has put the Japanese-based Nomura Holdings under a steep loss.

    In the first quarterly report, the company has recorded a loss of 245.7 billion yen which is related to the transaction with Archegos Capital Management. In relation to the same transaction, the company said that it will further book a loss of up to 62 billion yen in the current fiscal year.

    In the first quarter, the overall loss booked by Nomura Holdings was around 155 billion yen (Around USD 1.4 billion). This is considered to be the first quarterly loss of Nomura Holdings in a year.


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    Past of Archegos Capital Management

    Nomura Holdings was one of the string of banks that were exposed to Archegos which is a New York-based investment company and family office which is run by Bill Hwang.

    On 29 March 2021, Nomura holdings had already warned about the loss of around USD 2 billion which would arise from the transaction of the U.S client. Earlier Credit Suisse has also faced losses worth billions of dollars in regards to the transactions with Archegos.

    Even the rival bank Swiss Bank UBS said on 27 April 2021 that it had lost an amount of up to USD 774 million from the trades which were linked to the same company. The quarterly loss of Nomura Holdings had increased to USD 2.3 billion as there was a decline in the value of the collateral.

    As of 23 April 2021, the company has disposed of 97 % of the positions that are related to Archegos. The loss has occurred at Nomura’s prime brokerage unit through a business dealing with family offices and hedge funds.

    Strategy of Nomura Holdings

    Nomura Holdings has said that the company has reviewed all its positions in the units as well as the loans provided to the investors. The review has not shown any transactions which are problematic compared to Archegos.

    The company said that it would focus on strengthening its framework in regards to the management of its risk by working together with the experts in the industry outside the company.

    The CFO of the company Takumi Kitamura has said that this loss wouldn’t change the focus of the company on developing a business platform globally and doing business with the wealthy and risky investors.

    He added that there wouldn’t be any change in their strategy of doing business especially with the overseas business that includes the trading business as well.


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    Further Steps

    The CEO of Nomura Holdings, Kentaro Okuda had expressed a deep regret in regards to the huge loss faced by the company saying that otherwise, it would have been a great year for Nomura Holdings. He has promised that it wouldn’t be repeated.

    He added on saying that they have created a lot of anxiety for their customers and shareholders and said that they will take the issue very seriously and make sure that such as situation will not repeat in the future by upgrading their risk management.

    Okuda said that his responsibility is to create a platform to manage risk in a better way. The huge loss was recorded after Okuda finished his first year as CEO of the company. He was formerly the head of Nomura’s U.S operations.

    Risk Management

    In order to strengthen the risk management, the company has appointed a new CEO who was the former senior of J.P Morgan. The company stated Christopher Willcox was the new co-CEO and President of Nomura Securities International.

    Willcox has worked with J.P Morgan and is a former CEO of J.P Morgan Asset Management. He has also worked with the Citi group for a term of 15 years.

    FAQ

    Is Nomura a Japanese bank?

    Nomura is a Japanese financial holding company and a principal member of the Nomura Group.

    What are the big 4 investment banks?

    JPMorgan Chase, Goldman Sachs, BofA Securities and Morgan Stanley are the big 4 investment banks.

    What is the meaning of margin call?

    A margin call is usually an indicator that one or more of the securities held in the margin account has decreased in value. When a margin call occurs, the investor must choose to either deposit more money in the account or sell some of the assets held in their account.

    Conclusion

    The company has decided to focus on providing prime brokerage services to wealthy investors and to continue to do business with family offices. Kitamura added on saying that Family offices will continue to be one of the most important clients for them.

  • JPMorgan – One Of The Largest Financial Holding Company

    Company Profile is an initiative by StartupTalky to publish verified information on different startups and organizations. The content in this post has been approved by the organization it is based on.

    JPMorgan(John Pierpont Morgan) Chase & Co. is an American multinational investment bank and financial services holding company headquartered in New York City. JPMorgan Chase is ranked by S&P Global as the largest bank in the United States and the seventh largest bank in the world by total assets, with total assets of US$3.213 trillion.

    It is also the world’s most valuable bank by market capitalization. As a “Bulge Bracket” bank, it is a major provider of various investment banking and financial services. It is one of America’s Big Four banks, along with Bank of America, Citigroup, and Wells Fargo.

    JPMorgan – Company Highlights

    Startup Name JPMorgan Chase & Co.
    Headquarters New York City, New York, U.S.
    Industry Financial services
    Founded December 1, 2000
    Founder Balthazar P. Melick(Chemical Bank), John Pierpont Morgan(J.P. Morgan & Co.), Aaron Burr(The Manhattan Company) and John Thompson(Chase National Bank)
    CEO Jamie Dimon
    Areas Served Worldwide
    Website www.jpmorganchase.com

    JPMorgan – About and How it Works?
    JPMorgan – Logo and its Meaning
    JPMorgan – Founder and History
    JPMorgan – Mission
    JPMorgan – Business Model
    JPMorgan – Revenue and Growth
    JPMorgan – Investments
    JPMorgan – Acquisitions
    JPMorgan – Competitors
    JPMorgan – Challenges Faced
    JPMorgan – Future Plans
    JPMorgan – FAQs

    JPMorgan – About and How it Works?

    JPMorgan Chase & Co. is a financial holding company. It provides financial and investment banking services. The firm offers a range of investment banking products and services in all capital markets, including advising on corporate strategy and structure, capital raising in equity and debt markets, risk management, market making in cash securities and derivative instruments, and brokerage and research.

    It operates through the following segments: Consumer and Community Banking, Corporate and Investment Bank, Commercial Banking and Asset and Wealth Management.

    The Consumer and Community Banking segment serves consumers and businesses through personal service at bank branches and through automated teller machine, online, mobile, and telephone banking. The Corporate and Investment Bank segment offers a suite of investment banking, market-making, prime brokerage, and treasury and securities products and services to a global client base of corporations, investors, financial institutions, government and municipal entities.

    The Commercial Banking segment delivers services to the U.S. and its multinational clients, including corporations, municipalities, financial institutions, and non-profit entities. It also provides financing to real estate investors and owners as well as financial solutions, including lending, treasury services, investment banking, and asset management. The Asset and Wealth Management segment provides asset and wealth management services.

    JPMorgan – Logo and its Meaning

    Logo of JPMorgan Chase & Co.
    Logo of JPMorgan Chase & Co.

    The geometry of the emblem and its colours stood for confidence, loyalty, professionalism, and unity, and showed the bank as a strong financial organization with its customers as the main value.

    JPMorgan – Founder and History

    JPMorgan Chase, in its current form, has its roots in more than 1,200 predecessor banks, including major heritage firms JP Morgan, Chase Manhattan, Chemical Bank, Manufacturers Hanover, Bank One, First Chicago, and National Bank of Detroit. These entities all played a significant role in the growth of the US and global economies. The earliest of the Company’s predecessor companies was The Bank of the Manhattan Company, which was established in 1799 by Aaron Burr as only the second commercial bank in the US.

    JPMorgan Chase is built upon numerous mergers and acquisitions. Arguably, the most significant of these was the 2000 merger between JP Morgan and Company and The Chase Manhattan Corporation, which effectively combined four of the largest and oldest banking institutions in New York City – JP Morgan, Chase Bank, Chemical Bank, and Manufacturers Hanover – to form JP Morgan Chase and Company.

    JPMorgan is now one of the largest banking institutions in the world. It is ranked 23rd in the Fortune 500 list and 5th in the Forbes 2000 list. The Company trades its shares on the New York Stock Exchange and has a current market capitalization of $243.59 billion.

    JPMorgan – Mission

    JP Morgan’s mission statement says, “JPMorgan provides a range of banking and financial services to consumer, corporations and public institutions, with the aim of enhancing their financial wellbeing and helping to effectively manage their finances.”

    JPMorgan – Business Model

    JPMorgan Chase organizes its activities into core major reportable business segments

    • Consumer and Community Banking, which provides consumers and businesses with consumer and community banking services – such as deposit, lending and investment products – through personal service at bank branches and through automated teller machines, online, mobile and telephone banking;
    • Corporate and Investment Bank, which provides of banking and markets and investor services, including a suite of investment banking, market-making, prime brokerage, and treasury and securities products and services, to corporations and institutions worldwide;
    • Commercial Banking, which provides delivers industry knowledge, expertise, and advisory services to commercial clients, as well as financing to real estate investors and owners; and
    • Asset Management, which provides investment advisory and wealth management services.

    JPMorgan Chase also operates a Corporate segment, which comprises the activities of corporate staff units.


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    JPMorgan – Revenue and Growth

    JPMorgan Chase generates revenue through the provision of various banking and financial services and products. Revenue is derived principally through fees and commissions imposed upon customers in relation to the Company’s services, including advisory, investment banking, management, and underwriting fees.

    The Company’s largest portion of revenue was derived from asset management, administration, and commissions, which amounted to $15.51 billion for the year.

    JPMorgan Chase revenue for the quarter ending September 30, 2020 was $30.834B, a 14.79% decline year-over-year.

    Year Amount Percentage Change from Last Year
    2019 $142.422B +9.5%
    2018 $130.07B +13.52%
    2017 $114.579B 7.7%

    JPMorgan – Investments

    JP Morgan Chase has made 144 investments. Their most recent investment was on Nov 9, 2020, when NovoCure raised $150M.

    Date Organization Name Round Amount
    Nov 9, 2020 NovoCure Post IPO Debt $150M
    Jul 28, 2020 Pharmapacks Private Equity Round $150M
    Jul 18, 2020 Contemporary Amperex Technology Post IPO Equity CN¥19.7B
    Jun 25, 2020 Capital Markets Gateway Series B $25M
    Jun 22, 2020 Cedar Debt Financing $25M
    Jun 4, 2020 Cloud9 Technologies Series B $17.5M
    Mar 23, 2020 iCapital Network Venture Round $146M
    Mar 3, 2020 The Joint Post IPO Debt $7.5M
    Feb 3, 2020 Launch NY Grant $300K
    Jan 17, 2020 Arcesium Corporate Boy

    JPMorgan – Acquisitions

    JP Morgan Chase has acquired 10 organizations. Their most recent acquisition was InstaMed on May 17, 2019.

    Acquiree Name Date Amount About Acquiree
    InstaMed May 17, 2019 InstaMed simplifies healthcare payments for providers, payers, and consumers
    WePay Oct 17, 2017 $400M WePay is the payments partner to the platform economy
    J.P. Morgan Cazenove Nov 19, 2009 J.P. Morgan Cazenove is a leading investment bank focused on mergers & acquisitions, debt and equity placements and equity research
    Washington Mutual Sep 26, 2008 Washington Mutual is a savings bank holding company providing consumer banking and financial services
    Bear Stearns Mar 17, 2008 Bear Stearns is an investment banking, securities trading and brokerage firm
    Xspand Mar 1, 2008 Xspand is a provider of revenue solutions that focuses on purchasing, servicing and securitizing municipal tax liens
    Collegiate Funding Services Dec 15, 2005 Collegiate Funding is a vertically integrated education finance company that markets, originates, finances and services education loans
    Neovest Holdings Jun 23, 2005 Neovest Holdings an independently operated technology company providing a comprehensive suite of global broker-neutral financial services
    Bank One Jan 15, 2004 $58B Bank One is a Chicago-based multibank holding company providing many banking and financial services
    Hambrecht & Quist Sep 28, 1999 $1.4B Hambrecht & Quist is an investment bank that focuses on the technology and internet sectors

    JPMorgan – Competitors

    The top 10 competitors in JPMorgan Chase’s competitive set are Citi, Goldman Sachs, Bank of America, Morgan Stanley, Capital One, Credit Suisse, Fidelity, Wells Fargo, American Express and HSBC.


    Citigroup | Third Largest Banking Institution | Company Profile |
    Company Profile is an initiative by StartupTalky to publish verified informationon different startups and organizations. The content in this post has beenapproved by the organization it is based on. Citigroup Inc. is a diversified financial services holding company that providesa broad range of …


    JPMorgan – Challenges Faced

    “We do not worry about the stock price in the short run,” Dimon (CEO) said. “If you continue to build a great company, the stock price will take care of itself.”

    • Economic risks on the horizon – The excessive disruption in the financial markets at the end of 2018 was “a harbinger of things to come,” as investor sentiment remained precarious.
    • Because of divisive politics, America was unable to keep pace in a new world – The federal government was becoming less relevant to what is going on in people’s lives, Dimon said. As a result, people lost faith in their politicians’ ability to deliver on their promises and meet societal needs.
    • American leadership and engagement on the world stage is “indispensable” – Dimon said one of the biggest uncertainties in the world is what role America is currently playing. He said that while there are many problems with international organizations, such as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the United Nations (UN), the world is better off with these institutions, and the U.S. should engage and exercise its power and influence “cautiously and judiciously.
    • Regulation isn’t all bad, but too much of it isn’t good – Dimon said current “excessive” regulation has reduced growth and business formation for the company, without making the economy safer or better.

    “The ease of starting a business in the United States has worsened, and both small business formation and employment growth have dropped to the lowest rates in 30 years,” Dimon wrote.

    • JPMorgan Chase is “all in” on the cloud and AI, but not on stock buybacks – Dimon acknowledged that he was “partially responsible” for the bank being slow to adopt the cloud, because his early thinking was that it was just another term for outsourcing. He also said the power of artificial intelligence and machine learning is “real,” and are “rapidly being deployed” across virtually every aspect of the bank’s business. Since that makes some employees redundant, the bank is looking to retrain and deploy those employees for other roles inside and outside the company.

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    JPMorgan – Future Plans

    • 17,000 Job Cuts- Even the country’s largest bank needs to cut back on employees. Executives said JPMorgan would eliminate about 17,000 positions over the next two years, including about 4,000 through attrition this year in its consumer bank.
    • 13,000 to 15,000 Mortgage Cuts- Most of JPMorgan Chase’s job cuts will come through lay-offs and attrition in its mortgage operations over the next two years, as the industry moves past the worst of the foreclosure crisis and has less need for servicing employees.
    • 100 New Branches- Even as it cuts some branches, JPMorgan Chase is expanding. The bank plans to add about 100 branches to its total over each of the next two years.
    • 500,000 ‘Digital’ Customers- A growing number of JPMorgan Chase customers are opting for mobile and online technology over branch visits. About 500,000 bank customers per month are going digital, executives said.
    • New Partnership- JPMorgan used the day to announce a new partnership with Visa. Executives said the deal will allow the bank to negotiate directly with merchants over how they process Chase credit and debit cards.

    JPMorgan – FAQs

    What does JP Morgan do?

    JPMorgan Chase & Co. is a global financial service that provides services including consumer banking, investment banking, commercial banking, and asset management for individuals, corporations, institutions, and governments globally.

    Is JP Morgan and JP Morgan Chase the same?

    JPMorgan Chase & Co. is the parent holding company of Chase(Commerical Bank) and JPMorgan(Investment Bank).

    Is JP Morgan the largest bank?

    JPMorgan Chase & co. is America’s one of the largest bank.

    What is JP Morgan’s full name?

    John Pierpont Morgan is JPMorgan’s full name.

    How does JPMorgan make money?

    The company operates through the following segments: Consumer and Community Banking, Corporate and Investment Bank, Commercial Banking and Asset and Wealth Management.

  • Citigroup – Serving as a Trusted Partner to the Clients

    Company Profile is an initiative by StartupTalky to publish verified information on different startups and organizations. The content in this post has been approved by the organization it is based on.

    Citigroup Inc. is a diversified financial services holding company that provides a broad range of financial services to consumer and corporate customers. The Company services include investment banking, retail brokerage, corporate banking, and cash management products and services. Citigroup serves customers globally.

    Citigroup is the third largest banking institution in the United States; alongside JPMorgan Chase, Bank of America, and Wells Fargo, it is one of the Big Four banking institutions of the United States.

    Citigroup – Company Highlights

    Startup Name Citigroup Inc.
    Headquarters New York, U.S
    Industry Financial services
    Founders Sanford Weill(Travelers Group), Samuel Osgood(Citicorp)
    Founded October 8, 1998
    CEO Michael Corbat
    Website www.citigroup.com

    Citigroup – About and How it works?
    Citigroup – Logo and its meaning
    Citigroup – Founder and History
    Citigroup – Mission
    Citigroup – Business Model
    Citigroup – Revenue and Growth
    Citigroup – Investments
    Citigroup – Acquisitions
    Citigroup – Competitors
    Citigroup – Challenges Faced
    Citigroup – Future Plans

    Citigroup – About and How it works?

    Citigroup Inc. or Citi is an American multinational investment bank and financial services corporation headquartered in New York City. The company was formed by the merger of banking giant Citicorp and financial conglomerate Travellers Group in 1998; Travellers was subsequently spun off from the company in 2002. Citigroup owns Citicorp, the holding company for Citibank, as well as several international subsidiaries. Citi is incorporated in New York.

    Citigroup is the third largest banking institution in the United States; alongside JPMorgan Chase, Bank of America, and Wells Fargo, it is one of the Big Four banking institutions of the United States. It is a systemically important financial institution and is on the list of systemically important banks that are commonly cited as being too big to fail. It is one of the nine global investment banks in the Bulge Bracket.

    Citigroup is ranked 30th on the Fortune 500 as of 2019. Citigroup has over 200 million customer accounts and does business in more than 160 countries. It has 204,000 employees, although it had 357,000 employees before the financial crisis of 2007–2008, when it was bailed out by a massive stimulus package from the U.S. government.

    Citigroup is the holding company for the following divisions: Bank Handlowy (Poland), Citibank Argentina, Citibank Australia, Citibank Bahrain,  Citibank China, Citibank Europe, Citi Private Bank, Citibank (Hong Kong), Citibank India, Citigroup Global Markets Japan, Citibank Indonesia, Citibank Korea, Citibank Malaysia, Citibank Russia, Citibank Singapore, Citibank Uganda, Citibank United Arab Emirates, and Grupo Financiero Banamex.

    Citigroup – Logo and its meaning

    Logo of Citigroup
    Logo of Citigroup

    In 1812, City Bank of New York was organized. The name Citicorp was adopted in 1967 as an abbreviation of First National City Corporation. By then, the nickname “Citibank” already existed. In fact, it was in use since the 1860s, when it was the bank’s eight-letter wire code address.

    The word “Citigroup” was reduced to “Citi”, a simpler, lighter type. The red umbrella of the old logo transformed into a red curve. The logo was developed by Paula Scher from Pentagram.


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    Citigroup – Founder and History

    Sanford Weill (Travelers Group) and Samuel Osgood (Citicorp) are the founders of Citigroup.

    Citigroup’s origins date to the early 19th century. In 1811 the U.S. Congress refused to renew the charter of the First Bank of the United States—the country’s central bank, which had branches in cities such as New York. Thus, on June 16, 1812, some First Bank’s New York shareholders and other investors secured state incorporation of the City Bank of New York, which was later established in the branch banking rooms of the old First Bank.

    The bank grew as New York City became the nation’s commercial and financial capital, and in 1865 it was chartered under the National Bank Act and renamed the National City Bank of New York. In 1897, it became the first large American bank to open a foreign department and, in 1915, became America’s leading international bank upon the purchase of International Banking Corporation (founded 1902), which had 21 overseas offices in 13 countries and territories.

    Other mergers and acquisitions in the United States and overseas expanded the bank. Notably, in 1931 it acquired the Bank of America, N.A. (another descendant of the First Bank of the United States and no relation to the former California-based bank founded by Amadeo Peter Giannini). In 1955, it merged with the First National Bank of the City of New York (founded 1863). Upon the latter merger, the consolidated company took the name of First National City Bank of New York.

    Citigroup – Mission

    Citigroup’s mission statement,”Citi’s mission is to serve as a trusted partner to our clients by responsibly providing financial services that enable growth and economic progress. Our core activities are safeguarding assets, lending money, making payments and accessing the capital markets on behalf of our clients. We have 200 years of experience helping our clients meet the world’s toughest challenges and embrace its greatest opportunities. We are Citi, the global bank – an institution connecting millions of people across hundreds of countries and cities.”

    Citigroup – Business Model

    Citi provides a broad range of financial and banking services that target a wide range of corporate, institutional, and individual clients around the world.

    The company’s primary customer segments can be listed as follows:

    • General Consumers, comprising the general consumer population across the company’s numerous operating jurisdictions, to which it provides consumer banking and credit services;
    • High-Net Worth Individuals, comprising affluent consumers and family offices to which the company provides specialist wealth management services;
    • Corporations, comprising small, medium, and large business across multiple sectors, to which the company provides a range of retail banking services;
    • Institutions, comprising various non-governmental organizations, charities, and other institutions to which the company provides wealth management and retail banking solutions;
    • Government Bodies, comprising government departments, public sector entities, and other governmental institutions to which the company provides a range of banking services.

    Citi serves around 2 million customers across more than 160 countries worldwide. The bulk of the company’s revenue is derived from customers in North America, with the remainder divided between Latin America, Asia, and Europe, the Middle East, and Africa.


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    Citigroup – Revenue and Growth

    | Year | Amount | Percentage change from last year |
    | — | — | — | — |
    | 2020 | $94.702B | -7.61% |
    | 2019 | $103.449B | +6.52% |
    | 2018 | $97.12B | +9.17% |
    | 2017 | $88.962B | +6.79% |

    Citigroup – Investments

    Citigroup has made 86 investments. Their most recent investment was on Oct 15, 2020, when 4G Capital raised KES285M.

    Date Organization Name Round Amount
    Oct 15, 2020 4G Capital Debt Financing KES285M
    Oct 6, 2020 AccessFintech Series B $20M
    Oct 5, 2020 Genesis Global Corporate Round
    Sep 30, 2020 BioCatch Series C $20M
    Sep 22, 2020 CloudMargin Series B $15M
    Sep 10, 2020 Capitolis Venture Round $11M
    Aug 19, 2020 PadSplit Series A $4.3M
    Aug 18, 2020 Solidatus Corporate Round
    May 15, 2020 Spark Systems Series B SGD15M

    Citigroup – Acquisitions

    Citigroup has acquired 6 organizations. Their most recent acquisition was The BISYS Group on Aug 1, 2007.

    Aquiree Name Date Amount About Acquiree
    The BISYS Group Aug 1, 2007 The BISYS Group global outsourcing solutions firm that helped investment firms and insurance companies to more efficiently serve
    Automated Trading Desk Jul 2, 2007 $680M Automated Trading Desk develops automated trading systems for the trading companies, buy and sell-side firms, and financial institutions
    Quilter Cheviot Dec 13, 2006 Quilter Cheviot operates as an independently owned discretionary investment management firms
    Koram Bank Feb 18, 2004 KorAm is the sixth largest commercial bank in Korea
    Banamex May 18, 2001 Banamex offers the best financial products and services: Credit Cards, Mortgage loans, Personal loans, exchange rate
    European American Bank Feb 13, 2001 European American Bank

    Citigroup – Competitors

    Citi‘s top competitors include State Street, BNP Paribas, Morgan Stanley, RBS, HSBC, Bank of America, Wells Fargo, JPMorgan Chase, CIT and State Bank of India.


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    Citigroup – Challenges Faced

    One issue forces the bank to haemorrhage cash, the other prevents it from returning money to shareholders.

    • Analysts say the bank still has to get rid of dead weight on its balance sheet. That weight takes the form of underperforming, low-return businesses and Citi Holdings, the bank’s cluster of bad assets and businesses put together after the financial crisis.
    • The second issue with Citi analysts want to see cleaned up is the bank’s legal mess in Mexico. Few months ago, regulators accused Citi’s subsidiary, Banamex, of defrauding clients.
    • The New York-based bank slashed jobs across its fixed-income and stock-trading operations over the course of 2019, according to people familiar with the matter. That included at least 100 jobs in the equities unit, which would amount to almost 10% of the division’s workforce.

    Citigroup – Future Plans

    Citi announced its new five-year 2025 Sustainable Progress Strategy to help accelerate the transition to a low-carbon economy. This new strategy includes a $250 Billion Environmental Finance Goal to finance and facilitate climate solutions globally. This builds on Citi’s previous $100 billion goal announced in 2015 and completed last year, more than four years ahead of schedule.

    This new strategy, integrated into Citi’s Environmental and Social Policy Framework, will focus on three key areas over the next five years:

    • Low-Carbon Transition: Citi aims to finance and facilitate an additional $250 billion in low-carbon solutions, in addition to the $164 billion the bank counted toward its $100 Billion Environmental Finance Goal (2014-2019). This new goal includes financing and facilitating activities in renewable energy, clean technology, water quality and conservation, sustainable transportation, green buildings, energy efficiency, circular economy, and sustainable agriculture and land use. Citi will continue to develop innovative financing structures and seek opportunities to scale positive impact in these areas while supporting clients across all sectors in the low-carbon transition.
    • Climate Risk: Measuring, managing and reducing the climate risk and impact of Citi’s client portfolio is a key aspect of a low-carbon transition. Citi has been a leader in climate assessment and disclosure in alignment with the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) recommendations, releasing its first TCFD report in 2018. Citi will further test the resilience of its lending portfolios to transition risks and physical risks related to climate change, and continue to disclose in line with TCFD.
    • Sustainable Operations: This strategy includes fourth generation operational footprint goals focused on GHG emissions, energy, water, waste reduction and sustainable building solutions. Since 2005 we have reduced 3,600 GWh of energy use and avoided 2.4 million MTCO2e, equal to the GHG emissions of over half a million cars on the road for a year (equivalency provided by EPA calculator). While climate science requires global CO2 emissions to be reduced by 45 percent by 2030, Citi is accelerating that timeline with a 45 percent reduction target in CO2 emissions by 2025. Citi expects to meet its goal of sourcing 100 percent renewable electricity to power facilities globally before the end of 2020.
  • How Avendus Capital becomes topmost Financial Advisor?

    The major learning one could take from Avendus Capital is the story of climbing out from early pitfalls. Now, the company has grown to have a part in every lucrative sector in the business circuit. Well, the story of Avendus Capital is more of learning for anyone who belongs to the startup circuit.

    The co-founders Kaushal Aggarwal, Ranu Vohra, and Gaurav Deepak have worked efficiently to establish an image of Avendus as one of the most important companies in the circuit. Well, how did the company rise after falling into potholes multiple times? Let’s check it out!

    Quick Facts – Avendus Capital

    Company Name Avendus Capital
    Headquarter Mumbai, India
    Industry Financial Services
    Founder Kaushal Aggarwal, Ranu Vohra, and Gaurav Deepak
    Founded 1999
    Parent Organization Avendus Capital Pvt. Ltd.

    How Avendus Capital Launched?

    It was a typical September morning in 2004 when Ranu Vohra, took a flight from San Francisco to Mumbai. He broke into a cold sweat as a call from Neeraj Gupta, the CEO of Cymbal Corporation left him shocked. Vohra parked himself at Cymbal’s headquarters at California for the previous weeks and was firming up the final contours of the brand’s sale to Patni Computer Systems in India. Well, by the time he completed work the previous evening, all the creases had been ironed out and it was a matter of time that the deal was completed and Avendus Capital, an investment bank was launched.

    However, the joy was short-lived as on that call, Gupta told Vohra how the dynamics had changed and Patni wished to take over 90 percent of Cymbal’s workforce after the acquisition. As Vohra recalls, instead of taking a very enjoyable flight home, he traveled with a big question mark in his mind. This deal with Patni was very important for the future of Avendus.

    Story of Avendus Capital
    Avendus Capital Launching

    During the 1990s, internet startups in the United States have triggered a sense of gold rush amongst the venture capital firms. In this phase, the Dotcom bubble was growing day by day and in India, companies like MakeMyTrip, Contests2win, Indianplaza, and Firstandsecond had shown promise in the circuit. Hence, the trio of Vohra, Aggarwal, and Gaurav, who were investment bankers with Communications Equity Associates and ICICI Bank were very much convinced that the startup circuit would hit the Indian circuit very soon.

    Next, the trio launched Cool Startups, which was an online startup advisory firm that modeled on Garage.com in the United States. In January 2000, it started operating in a small office in Mumbai after collecting around INR 2 crore in funding which was headed by Infinity Ventures.

    Avendus Capital Funding

    Taking about how they were successful in collecting funds, Vohra admits that as three of them were from IITs, the most prestigious institutes of the country, the investors believed in them. The main idea of the trio was to take the company to a certain stable level and then sell it to Garage.com or someone else who might be interested in the venture.

    Unfortunately, the only thing they could not anticipate was the quick incoming of the dot-com bust. As soon as it occurred, it left Cool Startups with no choice but to change tracks. In September, the team morphed Cool Startups into Avendus Capital, which was an investment bank to advise software exporters and business process outsourcing companies.

    Story of Avendus Capital
    Avendus Capital Funding

    Now, the concept of pivot helped the firm and it was barely a blip on India’s investment banking radar. This investment banking radar of the company was dominated by people like Uday Kotak and Hemendra Kothari. Apart from that, there were global heavyweights like Citi, Morgan Stanley, and Deutsche Bank.

    Till 2004, Avendus could only collect eight deals. Amongst these, the largest deal was $4 million but the Cymbal deal at $8 million would shine a light on the firm’s ability to perform on the bigger stage, and hence, the firm could bring a financial breather in the circuit.

    Hence, to bring things back on track, Vohra coerced Cymbal and Patani to make agreements and for his company, it was light at the end of the tunnel. On October 12, when the deal was announced, the team at Avendus capital treated themselves with bottles of champagne. Well, it was the first taste of success and the company took giant strides since then!

    Post Initial Success of Avendus Capital

    In the upcoming years, Avendus Capital straddles sectors as diverse as digital, enterprise, technology and services, consumer, financial services, health care, infrastructure and has evolved into a prolific investment bank. Presently, the count stands at 138 merges and acquisitions, with a deal value of $7.7 billion and 164 private equity deals to the tune of $5.7 billion. Avendus Capital now has offices in New York and London runs global mandates in IT and BPO.

    As per Vohra, the team found a big white space in the circuit. They observed that the mid-market companies of today have the potential to become the big names of the circuit and hence, the entrepreneurs needed advice.

    As there were very few people who offered these services, the situation presented an opportunity where the company could deal with multiple clients rather than be dependent on industries where there were few participants.

    Story of Avendus Capital
    No. of Deals Done by Avendus Capital in Last 4 Years

    So, when the Venture Capital firms started queuing up for Indian startups at the turn of the decade, Vohra, Aggarwal, and Gaurav were among the first who started working off. The team started doing their work in the digital sphere when it was not glamourous. The team built relationships when everyone found that it was nearly impossible to have partners in the circuit.

    Hence, Avendus Capital as a company grew stronger and stronger day-by-day. Post-2011, the firm’s digital, media, and technology vertical has cracked 59 fund raises and 11 mergers and acquisitions. The company is also credited with introducing investors like Stripes Group, Valant, Adveq, TPG, and many more to name.

    Avendus Capital as an Inspiration

    Avendus as a company has seen the highs and lows that are very important for the growth of an organization. Now, as the venture capital firm has the experience and the team knows how to guide the aspiring entrepreneurs, it has a very important role in the future of the Indian startup circuit.